attachment of inferior pharyngeal constrictor

Locate the middle cervical ganglion near the C5/C6 level. Inferior to the ganglion, follow the cervical sympathetic trunk. The superior cervical ganglion is quite large (long), and is associated with gray rami communicantes for C1-4. Note: The pharyngeal constrictor muscles are drained of blood by the pharyngeal venous plexus, which drains into the internal jugular vv.ġ0.) Locate and clean the superior cervical ganglion at the C1/C2 level. may also receive blood from the ascending palatine a. of the facial artery (also a branch of the external carotid a.). may be partially supplied by tonsillar br. Both superior and middle pharyngeal constrictor mm. also may supply the inferior pharyngeal constrictor m. , a branch of the external carotid artery. are primarily supplied by the ascending pharyngeal a. (parasympathetic) and superior cervical ganglion (sympathetic). The plexus also receives autonomic fibers from the vagus n. can also act as an elevator of the pharynx (Sakamoto, 2014). Some fibers of the middle pharyngeal constrictor mm. When activated, the pharyngeal constrictors serially constrict the lumen of the pharynx. receives dual innervation from the pharyngeal (neural) plexus and the vagus n. The cricopharyngeal part of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor m. (CN X) and afferent (sensory) fibers from the glossopharyngeal nn. are innervated by the pharyngeal (neural) plexus, which receives efferent (motor) fibers from the vagus nn. Thyropharyngeal part (thyroid cartilage of the larynx), and theĬricopharyngeal part (cricoid cartilage of the larynx). These parts (and their attachments) include the: Note: The inferior pharyngeal constrictor m. originates on the hyoid bone (greater and lesser horns) and the stylohyoid ligament, and inserts on the pharyngeal raphe. Note: The middle pharyngeal constrictor m. Glossopharyngeal part (posterolateral tongue). Mylopharyngeal part (posterior portion of mylohyoid line of the mandible), and the Pterygopharyngeal part (pterygoid hamulus & occasionally the posterior aspect of the medial pterygoid plate),īuccopharyngeal part (pterygomandibular raphe), The four distinct parts (and their anterior attachments) include the: consists of four parts, each arising from a distinct location (associated by name), and coalescing posteriorly to the superior portion of the pharyngeal raphe. Note: The superior pharyngeal constrictor m. to the superior pharyngeal constrictor m. The pterygomandibular raphe connects the buccinator m. A condensed band of the buccopharyngeal fascia that extends from the pterygoid hamulus to the posterior end of the mylohyoid line of the mandible is the pterygomandibular raphe. The buccopharyngeal fascia (the superficial investing/epimysial layer of the external pharyngeal mm.) consists of a thickened epimysium of the superior pharyngeal constrictor that extends anteriorly from the pharyngeal raphe to the superficial surface of the buccinator m. The pharyngobasilar fascia is closely associated with the pharyngeal raphe at the pharyngeal tubercle. from the basilar part of the occipital bone and the adjacent temporal bone. The pharyngobasilar fascia (the deep investing/epimysial layer of the external pharyngeal mm.) suspends the superior pharyngeal constrictor m. Severe spasm can cause pain during swallowing( Odynophagia).Note: The pharynx is supported by two associated bodies of fascia: pharyngobasilar fascia and buccopharyngeal fascia. Motor incoordination of the cricopharyngeus can cause difficulty swallowing. Uncoordinated contraction, and/or spasm and/or impaired relaxation of this muscle are currently considered the main factors in development of a Zenker's diverticulum. The inferior fibers are horizontal and continuous with the circular fibers of the esophagus the rest ascend, increasing in obliquity, and overlap the Constrictor medius.Īs soon as the bolus of food is received in the pharynx, the elevator muscles relax, the pharynx descends, and the constrictores contract upon the bolus, and convey it downward into the esophagus. On the thyroid cartilage it arises from the oblique line on the side of the lamina, from the surface behind this nearly as far as the posterior border and from the inferior cornu.įrom these origins the fibers spread backward and medialward to be inserted with the muscle of the opposite side into the fibrous raphé in the posterior median line of the pharynx.From the cricoid cartilage it arises in the interval between the Cricothyreoideus in front, and the articular facet for the inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage behind.The components arising from the cricoid and thyroid cartilages are also known as cricopharyngeus and thyropharyngeus respectively.

Attachment of inferior pharyngeal constrictor